Probation and Parole Corrections in the Community: A Comprehensive Guide to Effective Supervision

Probation and Parole: Corrections in the Community (2-downloads)

by Howard Abadinsky

4.5 out of 5

Language	:	English
File size	:	16781 KB
Screen Reader	:	Supported
Print length	:	448 pages
X-Ray for textbooks	:	Enabled

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Probation and parole are two important components of the criminal justice system. They allow offenders to serve their sentences in the community, under the supervision of a probation or parole officer. This can be a more cost-effective and less disruptive alternative to incarceration, and it can also help offenders to reintegrate into society and become productive citizens.

However, probation and parole are not without their challenges. Offenders who are placed on probation or parole are at a high risk of recidivism, and they may need additional support and supervision to stay out of trouble. Probation and parole officers play a vital role in providing this support and supervision, and they must be well-trained and experienced in Free Download to be effective.

Probation and Parole Corrections in the Community is the definitive guide to effective probation and parole supervision. This comprehensive resource provides a detailed overview of the history, theory, and practice of community corrections, with a focus on evidence-based practices that have been shown to reduce recidivism and improve public safety.

The book is divided into three parts. The first part provides an overview of the history and theory of probation and parole. The second part examines the practice of probation and parole supervision, including the assessment of risk, the development of case plans, and the provision of services. The third part discusses the evaluation of probation and parole programs, and the challenges and opportunities facing community corrections in the 21st century.

Probation and Parole Corrections in the Community is an essential resource for probation and parole officers, criminal justice professionals, and anyone else who is interested in the effective supervision of offenders in the community.

Table of Contents

1. Part 1: History and Theory of Probation and Parole
2. Part 2: Practice of Probation and Parole Supervision
3. Part 3: Evaluation of Probation and Parole Programs

Part 1: History and Theory of Probation and Parole

The history of probation and parole can be traced back to the early days of the criminal justice system. In the 18th century, judges began to release offenders into the community under the supervision of a constable or other community member. This practice was known as "probation." In the 19th century, the first parole systems were established in the United States. Parole allowed offenders to be released from prison before their sentences were completed, under the supervision of a parole officer.

The theory behind probation and parole is that it can be a more effective and less disruptive alternative to incarceration. Probation and parole allow offenders to serve their sentences in the community, where they can continue to work, support their families, and participate in community activities. This can help offenders to reintegrate into society and become productive citizens.

Part 2: Practice of Probation and Parole Supervision

The practice of probation and parole supervision involves a number of key activities, including:

• Assessment of risk: Probation and parole officers must assess the risk that an offender poses to the community. This assessment is based on a number of factors, including the offender's criminal history, mental health, and social support.
• Development of case plans: Probation and parole officers develop case plans for each offender under their supervision. These plans outline the offender's goals for supervision, and the services and interventions that will be provided to help the offender meet those goals.
• Provision of services: Probation and parole officers provide a variety of services to offenders under their supervision. These services may include counseling, job training, and drug treatment.
• Monitoring and enforcement: Probation and parole officers monitor offenders' progress and enforce the conditions of their supervision. This may involve regular meetings with the offender, home visits, and drug testing.

Part 3: Evaluation of Probation and Parole Programs

The evaluation of probation and parole programs is essential to ensure that they are effective and meeting their goals. Evaluations can be used to assess the impact of programs on recidivism, public safety, and other outcomes. Evaluations can also be used to identify areas for improvement and to develop new and more effective programs.

There are a number of different methods for evaluating probation and parole programs. One common method is to compare the recidivism rates of offenders who participated in the program to the recidivism rates of offenders who did not participate in the program. Another method is to use a cost-benefit analysis to assess the financial impact of the program.

The evaluation of probation and parole programs is an ongoing process. As the criminal justice system evolves, so too must the programs that are used to supervise offenders in the community.

Challenges and Opportunities Facing Community Corrections in the 21st Century

Community corrections faces a number of challenges and opportunities in the 21st century. Some of the challenges include:

• The increasing number of offenders under supervision: The number of offenders under probation and parole supervision has been increasing steadily in recent years. This increase is due to a number of factors, including the war on drugs and the passage of mandatory sentencing laws.
• The changing nature of crime: The nature of crime has been changing in recent years, with a growing number of offenders committing violent crimes and drug offenses. This changing nature of crime has made it more difficult for probation and parole officers to supervise offenders effectively.
• The lack of resources: Community corrections agencies are often underfunded and understaffed. This lack of resources makes it difficult for probation and parole officers to provide the level of supervision and services that offenders need.

Despite these challenges, community corrections also faces a number of opportunities in the 21st century. Some of these opportunities include:

• The development of new and innovative programs: Probation and parole agencies are developing new and innovative programs to supervise offenders more effectively. These programs include cognitive-behavioral therapy, drug courts, and specialized programs for offenders with mental health issues.
• The use of technology: Technology can be used to improve the supervision of offenders. For example, GPS tracking can be used to monitor the movement of offenders, and electronic monitoring can be used to ensure that offenders are complying with the conditions of their supervision.
• The increasing involvement of the community: The community can play a vital role in the supervision of offenders. Community-based organizations can provide services and support to offenders, and they can help to build relationships between offenders and the community.

Community corrections faces a number of challenges and opportunities in the 21st century. By addressing these challenges and seizing these opportunities, community corrections can continue to play a vital role in the criminal justice system.

References

• Bureau of Justice Statistics. (2018). Probation and parole in the United States, 2016. Retrieved from https://www.bjs.gov/content/pub/pdf/ppus16.pdf
• National Institute of Justice. (2017). What works in probation and parole? Retrieved from https://www.nij.gov/topics/corrections/Pages/what-works-probation-parole.aspx
• Petersilia, J. (2016). Rethinking probation and parole: A new approach to reducing recidivism. Washington, DC: The Sentencing Project.

Probation and Parole: Corrections in the Community (2-downloads)

by Howard Abadinsky

4.5 out of 5

Language	:	English
File size	:	16781 KB
Screen Reader	:	Supported
Print length	:	448 pages
X-Ray for textbooks	:	Enabled

FREE